HONORS

This took me forever!!! Have a nice summer! Mrs. G
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Element quiz 2 classes away on 9/8 or 9/9 Summer Assignment Quiz Sept 11 or 12 **Handouts:** Ch 1 Helper Packets, Syllabus, Lab Rules, Syllabus Agreement, Periodic Tables **General Info:** Safety Video/Quiz Completed, Got Assigned Seats Got old quizzes back on measurement, metric, and sds. Went over page 14 hw. T**ook quiz** on dimensional analysis (31pt). **Homework**: page 17 density problems. DENSITY LAB NEXT CLASS! **Dress appropriately!** No shoes-No lab! You will have to complete a makeup research report! Chapter 1 Test to follow on 9/29 or 9/30. Got D.A. Quizzes back. Did Density Lab (collection of data). **LABS ARE NOT DUE**. DO NOT WORK ON AT HOME. We will have time in class to complete labs next week. Density Homework Answers will be posted by Friday. For more review of density, look at pages 16-18. All answers for 16-18 will be posted! Email me with questions. Chapter 1 Test is next class. All sections 1.1-1.6 are covered in test. Things to know: states of matter, substances, mixtures, how to separate mixtures, physical and chemical properties/changes, table 1.4 (no ampere or candela), metric prefixes, Temperature conversions (K/C), Density, accuracy and precision, sig. figs., dimensional analysis. You must know 2.54cm=1in, and cc=mL=cm^3. Density of water is 1.00g/mL. **<--- PAGE 16, 17, 18 ANSWERS** Ch 1 Test (92pts). Memorize the formulas for nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and carbonate by next class! Memorize: Hydroxide, ammonium, chlorate, acetate by 10/3 or 10/6. Memorize: Cyanide, peroxide, oxalate, permanganate by 10/7 or 10/8. The formulas can be found on the back of the periodic table handout. WATCH FORM! There are superscripts, subscripts, AND charges!! We will finish labs next class during class time! Went over Chapter 1 Tests. The rest of the time was spent working on Density Labs. Study Ions! October 6: I WAS ABSENT- General review of powerpoint from last class. Completion of the powerpoint specific heat problems. Page 3 #1 and #3 completed in class. Homework: Page 3 #4and 5, Page 4 #1,3,5, and Page 6 #1,3. Answers posted: Review of previous homework. 2 sd errors on posted answers page 6 #3. Should be -750J and mass should have 2 sd: 3.0x10g. For problem #1 answer should be 27.1degrees Celcius. Heat of Fusion of ICE lab next class AND short quiz on 1-2 problems like homework (15min time limit) HW PAGE 6 Density labs handed back. Grades were poor due to not writing units by numbers!! DON'T MAKE THOSE MISTAKES AGAIN!! Specific heat and calorimeter problems from packet done in class, mostly page 3... refer above (October 7) for answers that were posted. HW PAGE 6. Answers to page 6 also posted above under Oct. 9. Went over page 6. Took a 13point quiz on heat capacity/temperature questions. Completed the heat of fusion of ice lab. Formal labs will be due Monday 10/20 or Tue 10/21. Ap lab format handout will help you to write a formal report. For this particular report there will be no reaction section. The data and calculation section will be the first page of the lab handout. You do not have to re-type the front or back of this page. The qestions on the second page will be answered in the conclusion section of your lab report. Make sure all questions are answered in the appropriate paragraphs. Come with questions about lab next class. DON"T WAIT UNTIL THE LAST MINUTE!! Went over specific heat quiz from last class. Finished power-point for Thermo Part A. Did one example problem on calculating the heat necessary from a phase change diagram. You must add up the heat for each part of the diagram. The slanted lines use the q=Cp m delta T. The flat lines are where phase changes take place. You can use the formula q= delta H times mass, if the heat of fusion/vaporization is given in J or kJ/g. Homework was page 10 #1,2,4. LAB DUE DATE PUSHED BACK TO WED OR THUR OF NEXT WEEK!! We will discuss the report/format next class. Homework will be posted tomorrow 10/17. General: Went over page 10, started page 11. Talked about labs. LAB DUE ON WEDNESDAY OR THURSDAY. ABSENT STUDENTS: Come see me or arrange to grab missing handouts if you were absent. Test is FRIDAY (ODD STUDENTS) or MONDAY/WEDNESDAY (even day may choose). Test format: 90 points. 16 MC, 10 T/F, 5 complete the chart given information (filling in name of phase change taking place, and if it is an endo or exothermic reaction taking place), 3 calculations: comparing conditions in a system to the surrounding, calculating heat where dimensional analysis is needed to convert units, and one with a phase change diagram from one temp/state to another temp/state. Handouts: 1. Revised lab directions sheet with helpful hints. 2. Answers to Page 10 (type on #5 delta t value). 3. Answers to page 11 and given values needed (even day kids you have page 11 already) Went over labs. Option of peer review. Worked with labs and discussed concerns with tests. Labs collected for Heat of Fusion of ICE.
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 * Sept 2 or 3**
 * HW:** Summer assignment due next class. Bring in signed syllabus agreement. Study Elements: 1-40,47-57,74,78-89,92
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 * Sept 2 or 3**
 * HW:** Summer assignment due next class. Bring in signed syllabus agreement. Study Elements: 1-40,47-57,74,78-89,92
 * HW:** Summer assignment due next class. Bring in signed syllabus agreement. Study Elements: 1-40,47-57,74,78-89,92
 * Sept 4 or 5**
 * Collected:** Summer Assignment (10pt) and Syllabus Agreement (4pt) **HW:** Study Elements. Come with questions on Section 1.1-1.4. Finish Inventory Sheets **Handouts:** Ch. 1 PowerPoint Notes, Inventory Sheet **General Info:** Assignments collected, Safety Quiz returned, ?'s about summer assignment quiz, Syllabus discussion, Inventory Sheets, Books distributed, Start of Section 1.5 up to slide #3 (ACCURACY AND PRECISION)
 * Sept 8 or 9:**
 * Graded:** 30 ? Element/Symbol Quiz **HW:** Study for Summer Assignment Quiz **General Info:**Took element quiz, talked about intro to lab. Physical and Chemical Changes Lab. (DO NOT COMPLETE FOR HW. We will grade this next time together. This is just a practice lab. **HandOuts**: Lab data sheet. Lab directions sheet.
 * Sept 10 or 11**:
 * Graded:** Summer Assignment Quiz (30pts) **HW:** Ch 1 Work Packet (Pg 5: #1, A-O) **Handouts:** Chapter 1 Work Packet **General:** Summer Ass. ?, Summer Ass. Quiz, Discussion on Practice Lab/Grade Yourself, Continue with Ch 1. up to significant figures. More Sig Figs next class!
 * Sept 12 or 15:**
 * Returned:** Element Quiz, Summer Assignment Quiz **General:** Went over quizzes. Review of Significant Figures up to slide 12 with added examples. 20 station Measurement Lab: (What is the range of measurement, what is the guess digit, how many sig. figs does it have?) Measurement Quiz with rounding of S.Figs next class! Metric Quiz on 9/18 or 9/19 MEMORIZE METRIC PREFIXES! See helper packet, or work packet.
 * HW:** Page 11 of Work Pacet #1-10. Quiz will be similar format. STUDY!
 * Sept 16 or 17:**
 * Graded:** Measurement and Rounding Quiz (20pts) **General:** Went over HW on rounding. Took Quiz. Covered slides 13-14 in Notes handout on Add/Sub/Mult/Div of sig figs. Did an E button tutorial on how to use a calculator correctly. **HW:** Work Packet page 6-7. Quiz next class on Metric prefixes, s.digs, rounding, and sdigs in calculations.
 * Sept 18 or 19**: AB Roshni P
 * General:** Went over page 6-7. Took Quiz with calcs, sd, and metric. Started dimensional analysis. Completed page 12 in packet: "Chemistry-Worksheet #1 Dimensional Analysis." Know how to do cubic functions and multi variable problems like #'s: 6,9,10. **Homework page 14.** SKIP 17-18-19. Use your helper packets if you don't know the relationship of needed conversion factors. You will be given all conversions that are needed on assessments except metric relationships. **MEMORIZE** 1in=2.54cm and 1cubic centimeter=1cc=1mL. Dim. An. quiz next class.
 * Sept 22 or 23**: AB Even H
 * Sept 24 or 26:** Siana, Evan, Lauren.
 * (typo on page 17 #3: r should equal 2.0x10^1)**
 * Sept 29 or 30:**
 * Oct 1 or Oct 2: ab: Faith**
 * October 3**
 * Handouts:** 1. Thermo A powerpoint notes 2. Thermo Helper Packet 3. Thermo A work packet
 * General**: Got new packets. Started an introduction to thermo. Main focus on endo vs exo thermic AND system vs. surrounding. Brief discussion of heat and enthalpy. Specific heat capacity problems to follow next class. Specific heat of a metal lab on WED and THUR of next week. DRESS FOR LAB or make-up report is in your future. Memorize formula (equation) for specific heat. Know 1 cal = 4.184 J. ION QUIZ TODAY. Continue to study ions. Density labs handed back. Grades were poor due to not writing units by numbers!! DON'T MAKE THOSE MISTAKES AGAIN!!
 * HW:** REVIEW THE HELPER PACKET- we will not get into work or energy changes until the end of the year. Concentrate on heat and phase changes.
 * October 7:** Absent: Jane B.
 * October 8 WEDNESDAY**
 * Handouts:** 1. Thermo A powerpoint notes 2. Thermo Helper Packet 3. Thermo A work packet
 * General**: Got new packets. Started an introduction to thermo. Main focus on endo vs exo thermic AND system vs. surrounding. Brief discussion of heat and enthalpy. Specific heat capacity problems to follow next class. Specific heat of a metal lab on Wednesday of next week. DRESS FOR LAB or make-up report is in your future. Memorize formula (equation) for specific heat. Know 1 cal = 4.184 J. ION QUIZ TODAY. Continue to study ions.
 * October 9:** Siana
 * October 10:** Nick and Nicole
 * October 14 and 15:**
 * October 16 and 17:** Absent: Bryan F
 * TROUBLE WITH scanner- Will give handout in class with answers! Sorry everybody
 * October 20 or 21**: AB: Bryan F, Siana D.
 * EVEN DAY KIDS:** Labs due by the end of class on Thursday, bring in 2 copies. Allow for peers to review lab for MAJOR MISTAKES. Since I am absent I will allow you to correct these mistakes in pen and then turn in. You may take your test on Monday or Wednesday. For those of you with questions, I will allow you to wait until Wednesday and you will do a lab Monday. For those of you who would rather take the test first, you will complete the lab on Wednesday. Email with questions!!
 * 10/22 or 10/23:** AB Bryan

Thermo A Test. Thermo A Test OOOOORRRRR Lab on Specific Heat of a Metal Specific Heat of a Metal Lab. No formal report. One paper per group will be graded. Study: Bicarbonate ion, also know "ite" forms of ions Got tests back. Started and finished chapter 4. Chapter 4 test next class. Format (24 MC, 2short answer). Labs not due next class. Study ions. Chapter 4 Handout and work packet was distributed. Review of packet on chapter 2. Went through all answers. Took chapter 2 test (50points). Labs from heat of fusion of ice were returned. More discussion on proper form next class with example lab. Specific heat of metal lab due Friday. 30 minutes will be allotted next class to complete as a group. Any final touches will be done on your own time. One paper/group will be graded. Went over formal lab example. Heat of fusion labs passed back to be put in portfolios. Atomic Structure tests passed back. Final decisions made about which marking period to include grade. New ions added which were monatomic ions with the possibility of more than one charge: Tin, Lead, Copper, Gold Handouts: Nomenclature Packet (only one for this chapter-unless helper packet is requested) Ion quiz (21pts). Added dichromate, and chromate to running ion list. Future ions to be added: Perchlorate, and hypocholrite. Colored periodic tables separating groups mostly by charge possibility. By next class, memorize the charges possible for each group/family on the periodic table. Know roman numerals from 1-7 (I-VII). STUDY IONS: YOU NEED THEM FOR THIS CHAPTER TO BE SUCCESSFUL!! 11/11 or 11/12: Mitchell Periodic Table Quiz on group names and charges (20 points) Worked on nomenclature packet up to page 5. Homework is page 14 A-Z, B1-B8, and C1-C8. I am posting answers to page 1-14 if you would like to go ahead. I am also posting a blank packet if you want to reprint and do extra practice. Page 14(Homework) is attached in the key with answers.
 * 10/24**: AB: Bryan, Tori R
 * 10/27**: AB: Cerrina
 * 10/28 or 10/29:** Tori R
 * 10/30 or 10/31:** Jane, Tori R, Tyler S
 * 11/3 or 11/4:**
 * 11/5 or 11/6:**
 * 11/7 or 11/10:** Rachel S

11/13 or 11/14: Ben W Quiz on naming monatomic anions and cations. Also included on quiz were memorized polyatomics. Two questions on combining ions to write formulas. Quiz was handed back and discussed. We worked on pages 6-9 in packet. Quiz next class on formula writing and formula names. Study 10 greek prefixes on bottom of page 9 for quiz also. Test is two classes away! Here are some excellent websites to help with naming and formula writing. Give them a try! Copy and paste into your web browser or they don't work! Be aware that there are molecular compounds too. Look at page 10 and 11 for guidance if you'd like to try to answer all questions on site. chemsite.lsrhs.net/FlashMedia/html/compoundsAll.html http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/taters/Unit2IonicCompoundFormulas.htm http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/Quizzes/BinaryIonic/ http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/Quizzes/MonatomicIons/ http://howard.nebrwesleyan.edu/hhmi/fellows/sloder/namecpd.html

11/17 or 11/18: Mitchell Took quiz on naming and formula given ions, names, or formulas. Quiz was returned and discussed. Completed packet up to page 12. Study acids! Page 13 naming system will be optional bonus on test. If you learn it, you can earn extra points. I will not answer questions about it at all. ITS BONUS! Check out the above sites for extra practice. Also complete page 16-19 for extra practice. Answer keys will be posted shortly.

11/19 or 11/20: Tori R Nomenclature test 115 points

11/24 or 11/25 or 11/26 : Ceccilia and Sonia Ceccillia Alex Returned and went over nomenclature test. Received 2 new handouts on chemical reactions and balancing. Started work packet up to page 4. Complete up to and including page 8 for homework. Expect a similar quiz when you return. HAVE A NICE BREAK! Honors Answers up to Page 14!

12/2 or 12/3: Kyle Time given for review and questions. Writing and balancing equations quiz (4 problems 25 points). Solubility guidelines to memorize. 1. All nitrates, acetates, group 1A, or ammonium containing compounds are soluble! (aq) they will dissolve in water! 2. All chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble unless they contain silver lead or mercury. 3. All sulfates are soluble except those containing Sr, Ba, Hg, or Pb 4. All hydroxides and sulfides are **NOT** soluble except those containing, Ca, Sr. Ba (1A and Ammonium) 5. All carbonates and phosphates are **NOT** soluble (except 1A and Ammonium)

12/4 or 12/5 Reaction types with demos. Next class be able to use the activity series to predict products of a single replacement reaction IF it will occur. Keep studying solubility rules. Also be able to recognize one of the five types of equations. Here is the PDF version of the powerpoint. HW: page 21-22-23

12/8 or 12/9: Nicole, Ben Review of homework pages 21-23. Quiz on predicting products using the activity series AND souble compounds. We started talking about net ionic equations. Complete page 28 and 29 in the packet. Answers 28-32 Memorize strong acids and strong bases for next class. Sciencegeek.net is a great resource. Click on the chemistry link, then on interactive practice activites, scroll down to unit 4. It will help on identifying reaction types, predicting products, and deciding if reactions will occur.

12/10 or 12/11: Nicole Took quiz on strong acids and bases. Went over quiz from last class on predicting products for single replacement reactions. Went over decision tree homework. Started net ionic equations. HW page 32 and 33. Net ionic equation quiz and DDisplacement lab next class. Test on this chapter as early as Tuesday/Wednesday. pages 23-33 Before test look at page 24,25,26. Pay attention to the bottom of page 29, and look though notes on page 19.

12/12 or 12/15 Prachi Double Displacement Labs WITH formal report. Lab report will be discussed AFTER the test if finished if time permits. It will be due the monday or tuesday before break. If you would like to start thinking about the easy stuff... follow the same format as the last lab report. You should be able to do a heading, title, purpose, material, procedure, and reaction section. I will give more details for conclusion but think about what you expected to see for results based on solubility rules, where are errors, what are dd reactions,more to folow! Test next class. Look at pages 24-25-26 (see answers above- sorry for the net ionic typos on page 32 and 33). Pay attention to the bottom of page 29 and the notes on page 19 if you have trouble. Test is 104 points, 30 MC, 5 critical thinking/short answer sections (including 4 net ionic equations, 6 predicting products, and 12 solubility examples).

12/16 or 12/17 Victoria C, Kyle Stout Got net ionic quizzes back. Took chapter 3.1-3.3, 4.1-4.3 Test (125 pts) Sorry I miscalculated the points last class!

12/18 or 12/19 Anthony, Jacob, Sam, Elizabeth Got tests back. Discussed lab report. Due Mon/Tue BEFORE BREAK PLEASE. If I don't get it before break, don't expect it graded until the last day of the second marking period! Entire paper is SINGLE spaced with one double space between sections. heading (1pt) 4 lines title (1pt) purpose (2pt) Materials (2pt) chemicals, plates, droppers Reactions (16pts) you may hand write neatly in pen. Reference where located Procedure (5points) no #'s no steps... paragraph form Data: 9 pt you may include your data table from lab- make sure it is in pen. labs cannot be changed. trace over it! reference it's location Conclusion: 19pts 1. DD definition, solubility rule/guidlines. 2 results: how many solids, what were they? were they expeceted why or why not? are there any cations that are involved in more than 2 solid formations? 3. goal? improvements... include 3.

12/22 or 12/23 Anthony Started molar masses. did left hand column of page 3 in work packet. Labs were collected.

1/5 or 1/6: Please have printed copy of lab report if you were absent on day it was collected. We reviewed molar mass on page 3. We completed page 4 in Stoich packet and talked about representative particles and abbreviations (MC FU ATOM ION). We did examples on how to go from grams of ionic and moleculuar compounds to ions or atoms in that compound using page 5. We started page 6 and 7 and what was not finished in class is homework. Here is the answer key to the packet up to page 12. I did this over lunch so email me if there are typos.

1/7 or 1/8 Ben, Josh Went over homework. Took quiz on representative particles and one D.A problem (15pts). Did %Composition on page 13. Homework page 13 (7-10top and 1-8bottom). Study the mole road map for a quiz! Know all conversion factors or equal statements!

1/9 or 1/13 Marc, Taras, Josh, Ojas Went over homework. We also covered emperical formulas. Know this song: "percent to mass, mass to mole, divide by small, multiply till whole." It can be sung to the tune of twinkle twinkle little star. We then covered page 16 in the packet. Homework is page 19. Expect a quiz with questions like on page 19. #34 you do not know how to do molecular formula calculation, so just do the emperical formula. We also got labs back.

1/14 or 1/15: Started with last homework problem on page 19 for molecular formulas. molecular formulas must be a whole number multiple of the emperical formula molar mass if they are not the same thing! Also molecular formulas molar mass must be given. You can only use the 'song' to figure out emperical formula. We did limiting reagent, excess reagent, and maximum product stoich on page 20. Other examples done in class were page 22#3 and page 23.3 on the bottom. I added max product and excess reagent left to p23.3bottom. HW page 24 midterms were discussed: here is a general reminder of what to concentrate on per chapter. I will go into more detail next class!

__//**Midterm Update:**//__ 65 questions. 9 from chapter 1 (3math). 13 from chapter 2 (5 atomic structure). 18 from chapter 3 (9 types of reactions/balancing, 10 mole/stoich/mass/%comp, 2 LR and ER, 1 %Yield), 15 from chapter 4(electrolytes, acids, dd reactions, precipitates), 6 from ch 5 Thermo(4 math, 1 phase change diagram)

1/16 or 1/20: Went over homework on page 24. Discussed midterm. Completed page 25 in packet. Pages 27-31 are a nice review for return QUIZ, first class AFTER midterm. Here are the answers:

1/23 or 1/27: Ben H, Ceccilia Quiz pushed back due to early dismissa/late startl. Background procedure for inquiry based lab to be completed on Monday. Pre-lab questions are due before lab is completed. No pre-lab questions= no lab= 0/30 for a grade!! Midterms were returned.

1/28 or 1/29: Tori R (pd 2), Taras Collected pre-lab questions. Completed inquiry based lab on separation of a mixture. We are NOT completing formal lab reports. Work through calculations to have a number to show me during next class (of the percent sodium bicarbonate in the original sample). You may work on post lab questions if you have time. Post lab questions will be graded for completion. One will be graded for effort/process. Next class I will distribute a lab for peer review. You will work with your partner to make corrections or suggestions. You will have one period to complete calculations and post lab questions. The peer review will be collected on 2/4 or 2/5. We also took a quiz today on empirical formula, LR, and ER.

1/30 or 2/3: tori r, Worked on labs and post lab questions due next class. Peer review was distributed and is due next class. Give me a very informal critique. Use the AP format to guide you and see possible errors or missing information. If something is missing, what should be in its place? If something is incorrect, why is it incorrect. The review is the majority of points for your lab! Next class we will finish the chapter with molarity. Test will be Friday or Monday. We got quizzes back from last class also.

2/4 or 2/5: Faith, Kalyn, Taras Molarity: concentration of a solution in units of mol/L. Molarity can be used as a conversion factor! solute: lesser quantity (is dissolved in the solvent) solvent: greater quantity (usually water) know how to prepare a solution! (solute first, then bring up to volume desired with solvent) M1V1=M2V2 calculations Lab next class! Test class following. Come prepared with questions if you would like to review. Test is 25 MC, 10 TF, and 6 problems on LR, ER, %Y, Stoic, Emperical and molecular formula, and molarity

2/6 or 2/7: Limiting reagent lab with Calcium nitrate and sodium carbonate. Time at the end to discuss test, which is next class. PD 12 EVEN RESULTS: OPJN: 1.25g TG: 1.24g JEH 1.21g NDRA 1.21g NHMD 1.22g CM: 1.20g IZ:1.20g SB 1.26g KS:1.20g

2/8 or 2/9: Siana, Kyle, Alex Test. Lab report due next class. Follow AP guideline format. Procedure section should be short commands. No explanation in procedure and no "step 1, #2, thrid, etc". Calculations may be hand written in PEN. No white out, and no scribble scrabble in calculation section. In your conclusion, theory should include "limiting reagent, excess reagent, stoichiometry, % yeild "explanation. In the second paragraph discuss your results compared to theoretical value. Also include the percent yield for the reaction and talk about why you may be high, low, or right on the dot. As always, the third paragraph should discuss meeting a goal and possible improvements in the lab. Three improvements can easily be made to better the experiment and one of them is NOT "being more careful, not spilling, or measuring correctly!"

Got the test back, went over the test (only odd class). Collected "Limiting reagent" lab reports. Student teacher: Ms. Busuek, e-mail: **mab506@Lehigh.edu or mvbusuek@gmail.com** Started a new Chapter: "Gases". Students got their Gases work packet and helper packet. We had a short introduction to gases. To acknowledge the upcoming Valentine's Day we read the article "Chocolate the new Health Food. Or is it?", answered the questions related to the article, and had a discussion about the facts in the article. Introduction to gases:
 * February 13 and 18**: 02/13 - Ben, Siana; 02/18 - Nicholas H;

Defined pressure is one of the physical properties of gases. Discussed how to measure atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the gas (barometer vs. manometer). Defined the pressure units and practiced to convert atmospheric pressure into mmm H, torr, and kPa. Practiced together solving problems #1 and #2, p.2 from the "Gases" packet. See TedEd's 4 min video on [|http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-history-of-the-barometer-and-how-it-works-asaf-bar-Yosef] Introduced Boyle's Law (P and V relationship, when T and the amount of the gas are constant). Practiced one problem to calculate the original volume of the gas when the original pressure and final pressure and the volume are known. HW - "Gases" packet, Pressure problems - p. 2-3 ( problems 3-8); Boyle's Law problems - p.4 (Part B, problems 1-5)
 * February 19 and 20:**

First, we had a short Quiz on Boyle's Law, gas and atmospheric pressure. Here is the link to the video on the history of a barometer that should work: [] Today we discussed Charles's Law (the temperature-volume relationship) and practiced solving several problems from a "Gases" packet. Additional information on Charles's Law and overall gases: 1. [] 2. [] 3. [] 4. [] - The four gas laws 5. []= - Applications of Boyle's Law in every day life. 6. [] - Examples of the gas laws in everyday life 7. [] - Interesting facts about Jacques Charles HW - "Gases" p.5, complete Part A and part B. complete all problems
 * February 23-24:** 02/24 - Mitchell

Went over the Quiz from 02/23 and the HW problems. We had a Quiz on Charles's Law and Boyle's Law. Covered Gay-Lussac Law, Avogadro Law, and introduced Ideal Gas Law. HW -"Gases" packet, p. 6 ( problems 1-4); R Constant: HW -
 * February 25-26**: 02/25 - Anthony, 02/26 - Mitchell

Went over the Charles's and Boyle's Law Quiz. Took a Quiz covering Boyle's, Charles's, and Combined Gas Laws. Lab - "The Cartesian Diver". Students worked in groups. HW -
 * February 27, March 2**: 02/27-Lauren, Faith, Mitchell, Sam; 03/02 - Mitchell
 * The labs reports (informal) are due: for 02/27 (odd) -Tuesday, March 3rd.**
 * for 03/02 (even) - Wednesday, March 4th.**
 * HW -** "Gases" packet - page 7, pr.1-3 and page 9, pr. 1-3

There was a mistake in my e-mail address that I put on wiki before. The corrected e-mail address: **mab506@Lehigh.edu or mvbusuek@gmail.com** Collected "Cartesian Diver" labs. Went over the last Quiz (Boyle's, Charles's, and Combined Gas Laws) and previous HW. Covered partial pressures of gas mixtures and went through partial pressures and mole fractions relationship.
 * March 3; March 9:** 03/03 - Lauren; 03/09 - everybody is present
 * HW** - "Gases" packet - page 20, pr.1-6 and page 16, pr. 14, 15

Check out this TedED video: []

Next class we will be learning about Kinetic-Molecular Theory, diffusion and effusion. Check out this 3.5 min video summarizing the properties of gases: [] Watch this video explaining phenomenon of **Diffusion:** []

Today we covered: 1. **Collecting gases over water.** Use Dalton's law of partial pressures to take into account the pressure of the water vapor. 2. Application of the ideal-gas equation: **determining the density of a gas** and the **molar mass of an unknown gas**. Molecular **Effusion and Diffusion**. **Graham's law of Effusion**.
 * March 10-11**: 03/10 - Jane B.; 03/11 - Kyle, Taras
 * Kinetic Molecular Theory.** For review, go over your second gas packet and read page 386-391.
 * Deviation from the ideal gas behavior**.
 * HW - 1.** **"Gases" packet - page 13.** I had problems to upload the answer keys for HW as one file. You see three files: the first is the page 13 itself. The second file has detailed solutions for Part B, problems 1,2. The third file has detailed solutions for the rest of the problems. Let me know if you have questions.
 * 2**. Be ready for "Determining the Molar Volume of a Gas" lab (in your packet and I handed in copies): Read the background information, know the procedure for the lab, answer pre-lab questions (you can use a separate piece of paper). The pre-lab questions will be collected in the beginning of the next class. **Those who don't have prepared pre-lab questions will not be allowed to do the lab.**

Collected **pre-lab questions.** We worked on "Determining the Molar Volume of a Gas" lab. __Conversion:__ 1 millibar = 0.001 bar = 0.750 Torr, 1 atm = 1.01325 bar. **2**. From the digital barometer in another chemistry class: **P = 101.11 kPa.** For your calculations for STP use P = 1.00 atm and 273 K. Convert barometric pressure accordingly.
 * March 12-13:** 03/12 - Jane; 03/13 - Josh H., Taras
 * The barometric pressure from 03/12** - **1**. From [|www.noaa.gov]: 8:51 am - **P = 30.41 inches Hg, 1029.9 mb (millibar).**
 * The barometric pressure from 03/13** - **1**. From [|www.noaa.gov]: 7:51 am - P = 30.61 inches Hg, 1036.9 mb (millibar). **2**. From the digital barometer in another chemistry class: P = 101.82 kPa

Answer Keys to extra problems from the "Gases" packet: Page 21:


 * Some notes on "Gases" with problems:**

Chapter 10 "Gases" **test**
 * March 16-17 (Monday-Tuesday):** 03/16 - Prachi P.; 03/17 - Sam, Alex

1. Went over the Chapter 10 "Gases" test. 2. Went over the formal lab report guidelines for the "Molar Volume of Gas" Lab (See the word document file above). The **lab reports are due**: for __Honors-odd:__ **Thursday, March 26th**; for __Honors-even__: **Friday, March 27th** 4. We will start a new Chapter on electron configuration of atoms next class. 03/19 - Even class had an introduction to Electromagnetic radiation and its characteristics: wavelength, frequency, and a speed of light. Watched a video "What is light?" - [] 5. **HW** - Please read Chapter 2, pages 35-41 as a review of development of Atomic Theory.
 * Guidelines on writing Formal Lab Report: [[file:Lab Report Guidelines.docx]]**
 * March 18-19 (Wednesday-Thursday):** 03/18 - everybody is present; 03/19 - everybody
 * 3.** Handed in the "Cartesian Diver" graded lab reports.

Started a new Chapter on electron configuration of atoms. Reviewed the historical timeframe of development of Atomic Theory (Dalton, Thomson (discovery of electrons), Millikan (determined the electronic charge - oil-drop experiment), Rutherford (discovery of protons - gold-foil experiment), Chadwick (discovered neutrons). Had an introduction to Electromagnetic radiation and its characteristics: wavelength, frequency, and a speed of light. Watched a video "What is light?" - [] Today we continued to discuss Electromagnetic radiation - reviewed the range of Electromagnetic Spectrum and the range of the wavelength for the visible light (400 nm - 750 nm). Focused on Quantized energy and Photons. Discussed: 1. The emission of light from hot objects (black-body radiation). Max Plank's equation. "Quantum" - Energy is always is emitted or absorbed in whole-number quanta (plural for quantum). 2. The Photoelectric Effect. (The emission of electrons from metal surfaces when light shines on metals). Radiant energy behaves like a particle - photon. Photon has an energy that is proportional to its frequency. Practiced to calculate the energy of a photon of light with different wavelength. Practiced to calculate the energy of 1 mole of photons. Calculated the number of photons that are emitted by a pulse of energy. Discussed how photons of light can effect the chemical reactions. Take home message - The light poses properties of a wave and consists of particles (dual behavior). Energy of light depends on its frequency and it's directly proportional to it. 03/26 - Collected "Molar Volume" lab reports. We had a Quiz covering basics of the properties of light and the visible light spectrum. Discussed line spectrum. Why gases emit different color of light at the reduced pressure and high voltage and produce line spectrum instead of continuous spectrum. Discussed Neil Bohr's three postulates about behavior of electrons. Introduced the principle quantum number "n". Calculated the energy emitted when an electron jumps from the high energy level to low energy level. Answer Key for HW:
 * March 20:** odd class - Faith, Ben
 * HW** - Please read Chapter 2, pages 35-41 as a review of development of Atomic Theory. Review **page 2** and **complete page 3** from "Electronic Structure of Atoms" packet. [[file:EM Spectrum - page3.pdf]]
 * March 23-24**: 03/23 - Rebecca; 03/24 - everybody
 * HW -** Read **pages 199-205 (sections 6.1-6.2)** from your text book. Go over the problems from your **packet - pages 2, 3, 4.** (page 3 answer keys are above from March 20).
 * Answer Keys for pages 2 and 4**. Please notice that the detailed solutions for problems 3-8 on page 2 (EM Spectrum,...) are at the end of the attached document: [[file:HW-EM Radiation-pages-2 and 4.pdf]]
 * March 25-26**: 03/25 - Kyle; 03/26 - Rachel, Tori
 * HW -** Read **pages 205-211**, sections **6.3-6.4**; work on problems on **pages 5-6 from the packet**.

03/27 - Collected "Molar Volume" lab reports. 03/30 - odd class - Went over the "Light" Quiz. Had the second Quiz on EM radiation. Discussed limitations of Bohr model of an atom. Talked about the wave behavior of matter - discussed Louis de Broglie's theory of wave-particle duality of small particles - small particles of matter may display wave-like properties. Calculated the wavelength of an electron with known velocity using Louis de Broglie equation. Discussed Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and touched on Schrodinger equation that leads to wave functions, which are called atomic orbitals. Atomic orbitals describe a region of high probability of finding the electron. Each electron in an atom is described by **four different quantum numbers.** Discussed all four quantum numbers in details, including the shapes of the orbitals. Slides of the material we covered so far:
 * March 27 (Friday), March 30 (Monday):** 03/27 - Kyrsten, Luis; 03/30 - Rachel
 * HW -** **Read pages 7-9** from your packet. Practice to complete the table on **page 10** of the same packet.

03/31 - even class - Went over the "Light" Quiz. Had the second Quiz on EM radiation. 04/01 - odd class - Went over the Quiz on EMR. Reviewed the four quantum numbers. Practiced to determine the number of subshells and total number of electrons based on the principle quantum number. Discussed orbitals and their energies. Discussed three rules to write an electron configuration of an atom. Practiced to write an electron configuration for several atoms from the Periodic Table. Rules for writing electron configuration (today's slides):
 * March 31, April 1:** 03/31 - Kyrsten; 04/01 - Caitlin
 * HW -** **Read pages 7-10 in your packet** about quantum numbers and orbitals. Try to **complete pages 11-13.**


 * Attention:** The class on Thursday, April 2, may have a Quiz (the odd class will have a quiz right after the spring break). Please review Bohr's postulates, how to calculate the energy of emitted or absorbed photon using Bohr's equation. Use that energy to calculate the frequency of emitted or absorbed light. Review Luis de Broglie wave-particle duality. How to calculate the wavelength of a moving particle when you know the velocity and the mass of your particle. Uncertainty principle. Quantum numbers.


 * HW Answer Key, pages 10-13**: [[file:HW-ELectronConf.-Page10.pdf]] [[file:HW-ElectronConf.-Page11.pdf]] [[file:HW-ElectronConf.-Page12b.pdf]] [[file:HW-ElectronConf.-Page13.pdf]]

04/02 - Handed out and went over the EMR Quiz (Light Quiz #2). Had a Quiz on EMR, Bohr's equation, and Luis de Broglie wave-particle behavior. 04/07 - odd class**.** Went over the reports for "Molar Volume of a Gas" lab. Had a quiz on EMR, Bohr's equation, and Luis de Broglie wave-particle behavior. Reviewed the rules on how to write an electron configuration for an atom. Practiced writing electron configuration and orbital configuration for several atoms.
 * April 2, April 7:** 04/02 - Nick H., Taras G; 04/07 - Rachel S.
 * Have a nice and safe break!**
 * HW - Packet, pages 14-16**

Went over the reports for "Molar Volume of a Gas" lab and the Quiz from the last week. Covered condensed (or "short hand") electron configuration, electron configuration and the Periodic Table, and transition metals and their electron configuration. We had Quiz on Electron configuration and Luis de Broglie equation. Started to review the material to study for the end of the Chapter Test (April 16, 17) Slide of the Periodic Table in connection to writing the electron configuration of atoms: Today we had "Flame Test" lab. Went over the lest Quiz and its answer keys. Practiced solving problems in preparation for the **test on 04/16-04/17** __**The format of the Test:**__ Know the visible spectrum radiation wavelength range, the order of the colors in relationship to its frequency and wavelength, and the order of increasing/decreasing of energy of the visible light radiation. Know how to calculate the energy of a photon when the wavelength is provided. Know how to calculate the frequency of a photon when you know the energy of that photon. Know how to find out the number of photons in a radiation pulse if the energy of the pulse and the energy of one photon are known. Know how the energy of light correlates to its frequency. Know the difference between **Bohr's model** of the atom and modern model that is based on quantum mechanics theory. Know Bohr's model and how to calculate the energy states of the hydrogen atom. The ground state is the lowest energy state. An electron in a higher energy state is an excited state. When an electron moves from the higher, excited state to lower ground state, the energy gets released (or emitted). When an electron moves from the ground state to higher, excited state, the energy gets absorbed. Know how to calculate the wavelength of radiation when an electron moves from one energy state to another. Know how to calculate the energy of a photon when the energy of the mole of photons is provided. Use the energy of a photon to calculate the frequency and/or wavelength of that radiation. Be able to calculate the energy of a photon when the wavelength of the radiation is given. Know how many orbitals each shell can hold, how many electrons Know the lowest energy shell for all types of orbitals (for example: the lowest energy shell that contains **s orbitals** is the shell with n = 1 What are degenerate orbitals? How many maximum electrons each subshell can hold? (The table a mentioned above is your friend). Be able to determine the acceptable possible set of quantum numbers for an electron in an atom. Know how many electrons each orbital can hold. Know Pauli's exclusion principle. Know how to write long hand and "short hand" (or condensed) electron configuration for any atom in the Periodic Table. Be able to identify the element based on the electron configuration, determine the electron configuration of noble gases. Identify electron configuration of transition metals that is anomalous but correct (see below) Know the elements that have electron configuration that is different from the predicted one (Cr, Mo, W, Cu, Ag, Au) and why its different. Know the scientists who contributed to the modern atomic theory starting from Max Plank all the way to Schrodinger. I am attaching some of the problems that I prepared for the review of the chapter: Please let me know if you have problems to see them well (some of them written in pencil): mab506@lehigh.edu
 * April 8 - 9:** 04/08 - Cerrina, Alex
 * HW - Packet, pages 14-16 [[file:HW-ElectronConf.-Page15-16.pdf]]**
 * April 10 (Friday), April 13 (Monday):** 04/10 - everybody was present; 04/13 - everybody was present
 * April 14-15**: 04/14 - Ojas, Jacob, Cerrina; 04/15
 * 25 - multiple choice questions**
 * 10 - True/False questions**
 * 6 - Matching questions**
 * 5 - "Short Answer" questions - need to show all work, including all equations, its rearrangements, and calculations.**
 * 4 - Bonus questions - Short answer questions**
 * Things you need to know:**
 * Electromagnetic spectrum.** Know the order of increasing/decreasing of wavelength, frequency, and energy along the electromagnetic spectrum. Know the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and energy of the radiation. The order of different types of radiation.
 * The wave behavior of Matter**: Know how to calculate the **Louis de Broglie** equation to calculate the wavelength of a particle knowing its mass and velocity.
 * Electron configuration:** Know all four quantum numbers: principal, azimuthal, magnetic, spin magnetic quantum number. Know which azimuthal quantum numbers represent what kind of shapes of orbitals. Review tables on pages 10-11 from your packet. If you have not completed it, I strongly recommend to work on it and understand how all quantum numbers are connected to each other.
 * p orbitals** - n = 2, **d orbitals** - n = 3; **f orbitals** - n = 4).

Collected "Flame Test" Lab. EMR and Electron configuration of Atoms - **Chapter Test**
 * April 16-17:** 04/16 - Jacob N.; 04/17 - Siana D.

Tests and Flame Test Labs were returned. Covered effective nuclear charge, atomic size, and ionic size trends. Expect a quiz next class on Isoelectric ions and trends. **Handouts:** 1. "Trends PP Handout" 2. "Ch 7 Periodic Properties of the Elements" (Helper) 3. "The Periodic Table" Work Packet. **Home Work:**complete pages 4,5, and read 6 in work packet. LOOK AT PAGE 9 and 10. Here is the answer key to the work packet. All pages are completed.
 * April 20-21: Jacob N**

Quiz on Zeff, Atomic Radius, Ionic Radius, and Isoelectric Series. We covered three more trends: Ionization Energy, Electron Affinity, and Metallic Character. Study all trends for quiz next class. We also finished general characteristics of metals vs non metals and more specific characteristics for groups 1a, 2a, 7a, 8a. Next class will be a review. Test is on Tuesday (even) and Wednesday (odd).
 * April 22-23: No Absences!!**
 * HW:** Complete pages 7,8, 10, 12, 13. Page 12 and 13 we will go over in detail next class after the quiz. If there is time, we may complete a short graphing activity to see relationship between certain trends.

Returned last quiz. Gave new quiz concentrating of Electron affinity, Ionization Energy and previous trends. Went over page 12 and 13 (there are a few mistakes on 13). Kahoot! Review Game. For Review complete the rest of work packet. Here are the answers to the last 2 pages. The answers are following the blank sheets. Test will be pushed back to THURSDAY for even day students. Test pushed back to Friday for odd day students. Test format: 24MC, 10TF, 9 Short Answers. 100 total points. MC, TF 2 points each. Short answers vary in points.
 * April 24-27**: Kyle, Tori R, Prachi

Extra day of review. We covered most of the last two pages in the work packet after reviewing the last returned quiz. Test next class. Come pick up an extra-credit assignment if you are interested or print it out yourself. Due date is the same for you, even if you missed class!
 * April 28-29**: Josh, Tori R, Hannah, Caitlin


 * EXTRA CREDIT OPPORTUNITY**: Complete the atomic radius and ionization energy graphing assignment and questions. Graph must be computer generated and questions must be typed. This is EXTRA credit. It is due on April 30 (even) and May 1 (odd) before the test is distributed. If you are absent (FOR ANY REASON) and do not hand it in at this time, it WILL NOT be counted.

Collected extra-credit. Trends Test
 * April 30-May 1**: Kaylyn, Josh, Kyle, Ben, Rachael

Distribution of Redox Material: You may print them out if you are absent, or you lose them!! 1. pp notes handout Page 1 slide 2: TYPO: Cross out H3PO4. That is not strong!! 2. work packet and answer key. keep scrolling for answers. Email me if you find any mistakes. Last page should read PO4 3- NOT 2- 3. Helper packet: (pdf not yet available) We covered the first 10 slides of the power point**.** Homework: Work Packet Page 4. Find oxidation numbers. You will have a quiz on oxidation number next class. Review first ten slides!
 * May 4-5:** Derrick, Siana, Jane, Rachael

Quiz on oxidation numbers. Balancing redox problems in Acidic Medium. Even day: no quiz next class because I was absent. We will review how to do acidic medium redox on Friday. Odd day: There WILL be a 2 question quiz next class. One simple oxidation/reduction, and one in acidic medium where you will have to show me two balanced half reactions and the final oxidation reduction reaction. Homework to practice for quiz is #3 on page 9 and page 10 in packet.
 * May 6-7 : Rebecca, Prachi**

Return of oxidation # quiz. Review of acidic medium and regular oxidation reduction problems. Completion of page 9 and some of 10 in class. Finish page 10 for HW. You may also do page 11 for extra practice. Quiz next class on oxidation-reduction in single replacement reaction, and one problem in acidic medium. Know what is oxidized and what is reduced. Also know the oxidizingand reducing agents.
 * May 8**: Mitchell, Kyle, Ojas, Nicole (second period),

May 11: Return ox # quiz. Quiz Redox problem. Follow basic medium example on page 15-16. Try page 17 for homework.

May 12:even Review of HW on page 10. Quiz on Redox up to Acidic Medium problems like HW. We covered the rules for half-cell reactions in basic medium. Homework page 17 and 18. Test next class if you are ready. Format: 3 acidic, 2 basic redox problems. 3 given half reactions where you balance only. 10 oxidation number questions. One chart to fill in with 5 columns. They go with 6 given equations. You must pick which atom is oxidized or reduced, what is the oxidizing and reducing species.

Return quiz. Review HW. Review for test. Test format is mentioned above under May 12.
 * May 13:** Mary, Lauren, Victoria C

Return quizzes (O# AND Acidic Redox). Go over basic medium HW. Do any acid base review. You may take the test if you are ready! If you were not here. Your test is STILL next class. If you still owe me an oxidation # quiz, you would benefit to take that before you see me on Monday, as you will take the test first.
 * May 14:** Marc, Sam, Kaylyn, Cecillia, Alex, Kyrsten, Mitchell, Nick

May 15: Evan and Rachael Due to the shortened schedule the test was pushed back to Tuesday of next week. Distribution of chapter 8 and 9 material.

May 18-19: Kyle, Alex, Ojas, Siana, Prachi Redox Test distribution of chapter 8 and 9 material for odd days 5 items

May 20-21: Kyle (Alex and Ojas make-up testing), Anthony Tests returned. Start of chapter 8 bonding. Got up to slide 12 on the power point. Quiz next class on Lewis symbols for elements in groups 1A-8A. Quiz will also contain compounds where you pick out what type of bonding is taking place (ionic, metallic, covalent). Last question on quiz will be arranging 4 compounds in terms of lattice energy, which depends on charge difference and size. Practice problems in your book are suggested. Answers are located in the back of the text. Complete page 307-308 #1,3,5,13,15,17,19

May 22-26: Kyle Quiz on Bond Types, Lewis Symbols, and Lattice Energy. Start at PP slide #12-34. We covered covalent bonds, polarity, electronegativity (Linus Pauling's Scale), and Lewis Structures. We discussed resonance briefly, but resonance will not be on the quiz. Quiz will have Lewis Structures of compounds and ions and ranking bonds from most to least polar, or vice versa (using electronegativities). You must distinguish among polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, and ionic bond via the guidelines in the power point hand out. HW: at the end of Chapter 8 #33, 35, 43, 45, 49.

May 27-28: Alex C, Kyle, Lauren, Victoria C, Prachi Quiz on polarity, electronegativity, and Lewis Structures. Discussion of exceptions of atoms without an octet. We covered resonance and formal charge. HW Chapter 8 #51, 57, 79, 81. Quiz next class will be on drawing all resonance forms of one compound and assigning formal charge numbers to atoms in compounds like slide #37-38. Sorry I never gave you an electronegativity scale.... here is is: You have to copy and paste it into the browser https://www.camscanner.com/share/6SeEo/0/w105s10ltizqj Look through slides 49-52 (for a possible extra credit question on your quiz)

Project is due: June 8-9 before the class period starts!! It **WILL NOT** be accepted late for any reason!!!!!!!
 * Extra Credit Project:**
 * Strengthen your knowledge on a particular topic we've covered at some point this year. Convince me you somehow did something to learn to topic more. Copying information from a book and putting it into a powerpoint will not receive a large amount of points.**

Exceptions to the octet rule review. You will not have to draw any structures with an odd number of electrons on your test. There will be two structure's that are exceptions to octets: one having less than an octet (B containing compund) and one having an expanded octet (either trigonal bipyrimidal or octahedral arrangement). We covered polarity, electron domain and molecular geometries, sigma and pi bonds. Important Stuff: 1. Guarantee's to be non-polar: 2 elements with NO lone pair electrons Other Non-polar: 5 electron domains with 3 lone pairs.... 6 electron domains with 2 lone pairs 2. Sigma bonds are single bonds Pi bonds are double bonds. The first bond line in a double bond is a sigma bond. (every double bond contains one sigma) A triple bond consists of a sigma and two pi's (every triple bond contains one sigma bond) 3. Electron domain geometry is how many things the central atom is looking at. Know the bond angles for electron domain geometries. If there are lone electron pairs, the bond angle is just written as < that angle ex: CH4 is tetrahedral with no lone pairs, bond angle is 109.5 NH3 is tetrahedral (there is a lone pair on the nitrogen). This changes the molecular shape to trigonal pyrimidal. Bond angles are < 109.5
 * May 29-June 1:** Nick, Anthony, Evan, Ben

Take this practice quiz and see how you do. The answers are also attached. This is what your quiz will look like next time, but with different compounds of course!

June 2-3: Prachi: You will take both quizzes you missed next class as you were here last class. You can take the test the following day. Get old quizzes back. take new quiz on electron and molecular domain geometry. Review for test. Review for test: Format (35 multiple choice questions) 5 MC questions available for bonus on orbital hybridization if you are interested in learning it on your own time. You must get all 5 correct for extra credit to be possible. There is one page of free response. One complete the chart: electron domain, molecular domain, bond angles and polarity. There will be a picture of two large molecules and 8 short answer questions regarding the pictures. (bond angles, geometries, # of sigma and pi bonds). There were practice problems on the board.

June 4-5 Chapters 8-9 Test Students who are exempt are listed under the June 16 entry. Please return your books next class!

June 8-9: Kyle Extra Credit is due! If it is not in today before your class period starts it will not be accepted!! Return of ch 8-9 test. Make-ups. Review for finals People who are exempt should know by today as long as they have taken the test!! Final Review Sheet:

June 10-11: Review for final and last day of class. Time to look at extra credit projects

June 16: Chem Final
 * Final Exam Rooms:**
 * 1-2 odd: D218**
 * 1-2 even: D217**

138394 .137974 134656 .124120 123254 .138003 123050 .124275 124326 .123339 125391
 * EXEMPT STUDENTS** (by student ID #)


 * Chemistry Summer Assignment**
 * Summer Assignment Answers:**